Future Earth harnesses the experience and reach of thousands of scientists and innovators from across the globe to implement interdisciplinary and intercontinental work and establish the links between science and society that are essential to transform research into action. This global community is spread over a series of networks and governing and advisory bodies.

The Governing Council of Future Earth is composed of the Belmont Forum of funding agencies, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations University (UNU), the International Science Council (ISC), the World Meteorological Organization, and the STS forum. 

The day-to-day operations of Future Earth are carried out by the Secretariat, which is based in five Global Hubs and in four Regional Centers and Offices.

The Advisory Committee guides Future Earth to ensure that the research is of the highest quality and is targeted to advance the global sustainability agenda. It also aids the organization in forming the links between science and society that are critical for transforming research into action.

The Paris Hub, currently involved particularly in three Knowledge-Action Networks, which focus on the nexus between water, food and energy, on natural assets, on risks, and on ocean sustainability is administered by CNRS and hosted on the Campus Pierre et Marie Curie of Sorbonne University.

The French funding consortium for Future Earth is composed of the Ministry of Higher Education and Research (MESRI), the French National Alliance for Research on Environment (AllEnvi), the French National Funding Agency (ANR), and the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS).